旅游目的地发展新思维:来自演化经济学的启示

A New View of Tourism Destination Development:Implications from Evolutionary Economics Thoughts

旅游目的地研究具有综合性,需要多学科理论的指导。演化经济学以动态演化的视角解释社会经济过程,强调微观和宏观两个层面的互动,认为新异是演化的根本动力,是研究复杂经济现象的重要方法。目前创新已成为旅游目的地竞争的决定性因素,有必要在旅游目的地研究中引入演化经济思想。回顾旅游目的地的实践和理论研究的发展,介绍演化经济理论的起源和基本特征,分析演化、新奇和惯例、路径依赖等演化经济的核心概念在旅游目的地研究中的涵义;基于演化经济思想,提出发展旅游目的地的若干建议,如建立和完善旅游创新系统、构建旅游目的地生产网络等。

Due to the integration feature of tourism activities and destinations, tourism destination has been studied with multi- disciplines. Evolutionary economics, an increasingly active research field, concentrates on complex economic phenomena. This approach understands social economic phenomena with dynamic evolutionary perspective, emphasizing interactant between micro and macro levels and regarding novelty as the dynamics, Nowadays, innovation has become the crucial factor in destination competition. Therefore, it＇s necessary to introduce evolutionary economics thoughts into tourism destination research. This paper reviews the destination development and the theoretical research on tourism firstly; introduces the origin and characteristics of evolutionary economics theory seeondly;and then analyses some core concepts of evolutionary economics and their implication on tourism development, these concepts including evolution, novelty, routine, path- dependency; lastly, this paper provides some advises on destination development based on evolutionary economics thoughts： to build and improve tourism innovation system, to avoid the lock- in phenomenon and developing tourism in unsuitable region, to set up tourism destination production network and to enhance external linkages.