论博喻的非元功能对建构英语篇章隐喻的作用

On the Non-metafunctions of English Megametaphor and Their Effects on the Construction of Textual Metaphor

“博喻”是超越词句层面,形成“篇章隐喻”的主要手段。博喻事件是作为命题行为和隐喻行为双重体现的一个经验完形。当一系列相关的子喻体作为次事件被用来详述其基本隐喻时,这种表达是累积的,是经过篇章过程而非句子过程实现的。博喻事件的同一律产生完形感知,形成篇章的事件框架;其组模式产生原型效应并制约着篇章中命题发展的维度。命题修辞就是建立一种新的语义切题从而将这一横组合变异简化,而这一切题又从纵聚合的词汇变异得到保障。命题修辞的功能推进范围限于在最大陌生化和最大物化这两极之间选择一个合适的参照点。博喻的美学功能在形态上表现为动态美、静态美和完形美。

Megametaphor is a major means to go beyond lexical-sentential level and into textual metaphor. A megametaphoric event is an experiential gestalt embodying both propositional and metaphoric actions. When a sequence of related micrometaphors as sub-events is used to elaborate its root metaphor, this expression is cumulative, and is realized through textual but not sentential processes. The identity of megametaphoric event engenders gestalt perception and forms the event-frames of a text; its cluster models produce prototype effects by means of which the developing dimensions of propositions are controlled in a text. Propositional rhetoric is to found a new semantic pertinence so as to reduce this syntagmatic deviance. Meanwhile, this pertinence is in turn secured by lexical paradigmatic deviance. The function-advancing scope of a propositional rhetoric is restrained at a suitable reference point selected between the maximal defamiliarizing and the maximal objectifying. The aesthetic function of megametaphor in its formation exhibits dynamic, static and gestalt beauties.