模糊生态位初探

Preliminary research into niche modeling based on fuzzy sets

Hutchinson生态位的边界是清晰的.为克服这个局限,利用模糊数学发展了生态位理论,提出了模糊超体积生态位概念以及关于生态位宽度和生态位重叠的度量公式,并在苹果园中凹唇壁蜂和紫壁蜂的时间生态位研究中应用.种间竞争系数α=0.708 6,比已有研究文献中α=0.935 0更切实可行.表明作者的公式优于其他公式.

Concept of fuzzy hypervolume niche is put forward for overcoming the localizations of Hutchinson＇s niche, in which the boundary of niche is distinct. From the niche theory based on fuzzy sets, the formulas of niche width and niche overlap are obtained and applied to the temporal niche of Osmia excarata Alfken and O. jacoti CockereU in apple orchards as an example. It is more feasible to accept the competition coefficient α = 0. 708 6 than α = 0. 935 0.