跨国公司在发展中国家(地区)R&D投资的空间格局研究

Study on the Geographical Distribution of MNCs′ R&D Investment in Developing World

跨国公司R&D全球化,尤其是R&D投资向发展中国家的扩散,对传统跨国公司理论提出了挑战。本文研究跨国公司在发展中国家R&D投资的发展历程、空间演变和空间特征。研究验证了企业的资源观在解释跨国公司R&D全球化中的适用性,并提出中国应抓住跨国公司调整R&D投资空间布局的有利时机,尽快制定政策吸引和利用跨国公司R&D投资。

At the end of 20th century, the rapid increase of MNCs＇ R＆D investment in developing countries became a new trend of the globalization of industrial R＆D. It brings challenge to the traditional theories of MNCs and location theory. This thesis explores the developing course and geographical distributing characteristics of MNCs＇ R＆D investment in developing countries. The course can be divided into three phases： slow growing, undulate rising, and rapid developing. The characteristics of MNCs＇ R＆D in developing economies can be concluded as follow： Firstly, Asia and Latin America are becoming the poles attracting the lion＇s share of MNCs R＆D. Secondly, wide industry differences appear in the geographical distribution ： the manufacturing of computer and electronics are concentrated in Asia, while that of chemical and transportation equipment are more dispersed. Thirdly, the expatriate R＆D units engaged in research are concentrated in only a few regions in a handful economies, while those in development are more dispersed. The resource- based views can be used to explain the globalization of MNCs R＆D. Finally, this thesis suggests that Chinese government establish a system of policies attracting and utilizing MNCs＇ R＆D investment.