借鉴日本公营住宅经验建立我国低收入家庭住房租金模型

HOUSE RENTING MODEL OF CHINESE LOW INCOME FAMILIES BASED ON JAPANESE EXPERIENCE OF PUBLIC HOUSING

廉租住房是我国继经济适用住房之后,政府推出的又一种政策性住房。其目的是为解决住房困难的低收入家庭居住问题。但从实际的运行情况看,尚存在诸多政策设计方面的问题。尤其在租金的制定方面过于简单,没有充分考虑如何运用经济手段调节廉租住房需求和相应的退出机制。本文在对日本公营住宅运作方法分析的基础上,提出我国在制定面向低收入家庭的住房租金时,应根据家庭收入对低收入家庭进一步细分,针对不同收入水平的低收入家庭采用不同的每平方米租金,并根据住房面积的变化采用递进式每平方米租金原则,同时给出面向低收入家庭的住房租金计算模型。随着家庭收入的增长,廉租住房租金逐渐提高,乃至接近甚至超过市场租金,通过经济手段使经济条件好转的家庭退出廉租住房系统。

Low Rent Housing is another kind of housing with special policy, after the Economical Housing policy, pushed by the Chinese government to provide housing for the low income families. Some problems in the policy design have been found in practice. For example, the pricing of the rent of Low Rent Housing is over simplified in that it is not fully taken into account to use economic means to adjust the requirements and the corresponding retum mechanism. Based on an analysis of the Japanese public housing, the paper presents a viewpoint that low income family＇s should be subdivided further according to their incomes, rent per square meter should be different for families of different incomes and should be progressive with the total house area. A housing rent model for low income family is presented. The rent of Low Rent Housing increases with the family＇s income until it reaches or surpass the market price, in order to preclude those families whose income has later improved from the Low Rent Housing system.