1Harbans Singh(ed.) , The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, vol. Ⅰ,Punjabi University, Patiala, 1992, p. 196; W. Owen Cole and Piara Singh Sambhi, A Popular Dictionary of Sikhism, Curzon Press, the Riverdale Company, 1990, p, 75.
2W. H. Mcleod, “Sikhs and the Turban” , in Mohinder Singh (ed.) , Sikh Forms and Symbols, Manohar, New Delhi, 2000,p, 95.
3Harbans Singh(ed.), The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, vol.Ⅱ, Punjabi University, Patiala, 1996, p. 159.
4Harbans Singh(ed,) , The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, vol. Ⅰ, p. 56.
5W. H. Mcleod, “Sikhs and the Turban”, in Mohinder Singh(ed.), Sikh Forms and Symbols, p. 96.
6Harbans Singh ( ed.), The Encyclopaedia of Sikhism, vol. Ⅱ, p. 473 .
7Khushwant Singh, A History of the Sikhs, vol, Ⅰ: 1469 - 1839, Oxford University Press, 1963, p, 83.
