爱因斯坦与核能——解读A．Einstein伟大的预见E=mc^2

NUCLEAR ENERGY AND A. EINSTEIN--HOW TO INTERPRET A. EINSTEIN'S FORECAST E = mc^2

阐述了能源对人类及我国的重要性以及探索新型能源的迫切性．只有核能才能根本解决这一巨大 难题,而爱因斯坦早在100年前就预示了核能的巨大潜力,从而开辟了原子能时代——利用裂变能与聚变 能．随后,介绍了可供利用核能的途径,详细介绍了聚变能实现的要求、发展的历程、世界的现况(包括磁约 束与惯性约束).托卡马克是当前进展最好的途径,国际热核实验反应堆(ITER)的建造是聚变研究发展的重 要舞台和里程碑．最后对我国能源发展进行了展望．

The importance of energy for mankind is pointed out and the necessity to find new kinds of energy is discussed. Nuclear energy is the only way to solve this problem, as was forecasted by A. Einstein one hundred years ago, which has opened a new era of nuclear energy, where attention was paid to fission and fusion energy. In this paper, the technology to use nuclear energy is presented with detailed description of the requirement to use fusion energy, its development and the present status, including magnetic confinement and inertial confinement. Now tokamak is the best choice to use fusion energy, so the contribution of ITER is an important step and milestone of the research and development of fusion energy. The strategy in energy development in this century in China is also disscussed in the last part of this paper