青天葵镇咳、平喘药理作用研究

Pharmacological Study on Antitussive and Antiasthmatic Actions of Nervilia fordii (Hance) Schitr.

观察青天葵镇咳、平喘的药理作用。【方法】NIH小鼠随机分为8组,即青天葵水提浸膏高、中、低剂量组, 青天葵醇提浸膏高、中、低剂量组(剂量均分别为19．2、9．6、4．8 g·kg-1·d-1),阳性对照组(镇咳实验为50mg·kg-1·d-1 的磷酸可待因,平喘实验为0．1g·kg-1·d-1的茶碱)和模型组;采用氨水超声雾化法引发小鼠咳嗽,乙酰胆碱-组胺超声雾化法诱发豚鼠哮喘,观察青天葵的镇咳、平喘药理作用。【结果】青天葵水提和醇提高、中、低剂量组均能减少模型小鼠咳嗽次数(P<0．01),醇提高、中、低剂量组均能延长模型小鼠咳嗽潜伏期(P<0．01);青天葵醇提高、中、低剂量组和水提高、中剂量组均能延长模型豚鼠抽搐跌倒潜伏期(均P<0．05或P<0．01),醇提中、低剂量组和水提高剂量组均能延长模型豚鼠的呼吸困难潜伏期(均P<0．05或P<0．01)。【结论】青天葵具有一定的镇咳、平喘的作用。

[Objective] To observe the antitussive and antiasthmatic actions of Nerviliafordii （Hance） Schitr. （NF）. [Methods] NIH mice were randomized into 8 groups： 3 NF water-extract groups and 3 NF ethanol-extract groups in high, moderate and low closes （19.2, 9.6 and 4.8 g·kg^-1·d^-1 respectively）, positive control group （codeine phosphate 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1 in the antitussive experiment and theocin 0.1 g· kg^-1·d^-1 in the antiasthmatic experiment） and model group. Mice cough models induced by ultrasonic spray of ammnonium hydroxide and guinea pigs asthma models induced by ultrasonic spray of histamine-acetylcholine mixture were adopted to observe the antitussive and antiasthmatic actions of NF. [Results] Water-extract and ethanol-extract of NF in three doses decreased the cough frequency in mice, and ethanol-extract of NF in three doses prolonged the cough latent period （P 〈 0.01 compared with the model group）. In guinea pigs, ethanol-extract of NF in three doses as well as the NF high- and moderate-dose water-extract prolonged the latent period of spasm-tumble, and ethanol-extract NF in low- and moderate-doses and NF high-dose water-extract prolonged the latent period of dyspnea （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 compared with the model group）. [Conclusion] NF has certain antitussive and antiasthmatic actions.