我国油品零售价是高还是低

Retail Price of China's Oil Products: High or Low?

国际市场油品价格和国内市场油品零售价是两个内涵不同的概念。各国国内市场油品零售价普遍高于国际市场价。我国国内市场汽、柴油零售价远远低于欧洲国家和日本,分别仅相当于这些国家的1/3和1/2～1/3。美国是发达国家中油品零售价最低的,但它的汽、柴油含税零售价也比我国高出20％～30％。我国油品零售价严重偏低的原因主要是税低。我国汽、柴油消费税分别折合32.3和3.7美元/吨,而日、欧国家汽、柴油税赋相当于我国的15～20倍。应根据我国的国情,提高国内市场油品的税率和零售价。我国幅员辽阔、石油储运手段落后、储运费较高,就整体来看,越是远离油品生产或销售中心,油品的零售价应越高。在沿海与内地应形成若干个价格梯度,梯度差应大体上能弥补油品储运、分配和销售的费用。

Oil products on the international market and on retail domestic markets are priced according to different standards. Domestic retail prices all over the world are generally higher than international market prices. However, retail gasoline and diesel in China costs only one-half to one-third as much as in Europe and Japan. The retail price of oil products in the United States is lower than in any other developed country, but retail prices of gasoline and diesel, including taxes, are still 20%-30% higher than in China. China's gasoline and diesel consumption taxes are only $ 32. 30/t and $ 3. 70/t respectively, only 1/15 to 1/20 those in Japan and European countries, resulting in China's low retail prices. It is suggested that tax rates and domestic retail prices of Chinese oil products should be increased in accordance with the national situation. Due to China's large area, poor storage facilities, and high storage costs, the farther the market is from the production or distribution center,the higher the retail prices of oil products should generally be . Different price gradients should be established for coastal and inland regions, with the differences sufficient to cover the costs of storage, distribution, and marketing.