“睹物象以致思”:卫恒的书法美学

On WEI Heng's Theory of Esthetics in Callifgraphy

卫恒的书法美学从字的象形角度论述了“睹物象以致思”的命题,涉及书法创作与自然的关系、书法创作体验的玄奥性以及书法创作的“伫思”等问题。离开自然,人类无以创造。自然不仅给人类提供了生存的空间,而且还给人类提供了无穷无尽的创造源泉和创造灵感。卫恒关于书法(文字)创造的认识实际上是对人的生命体验和审美体验的认识,其中贯注着天人合一的创造哲思。这是富有启发意义的美学思想,对魏晋南北朝及以后的书法、绘画美学乃至文学理论的发展都有重要的影响。

WEI Heng＇s theory of esthetics in calligraphy touches on the relationship between calligraphy creation and nature, the esoteric experience and the meditation in creating calligraphy. Nature is a prerequisite for human creativity. It provides not only space for human existence but also the source of creation and inspiration for man. WEI Heng＇s interpretation of calligraphy creation throws light on the life experience and esthetic experience, reflecting the view of the harmonious integration of man with nature. His esthetic insights exerted important influences on the developments of calligraphy, painting esthetics and literary theories in Chinese history.