哲学语境中语言认知的规约性与交际性问题

Issues in the Conventional and Communicative Nature of Linguistic Cognition Within the Context of Philosophy

人类认知行为的首要特征是交际性。交际活动促进人类认知结构的形成,也促进人类认知能力的发展。社会现象与自然现象不同,社会是意义构成的产物,是人类活动的产物,并通过语言显现。人类行为的社会化方式与社会庞大的意义体系相结合。其中,语言占据着独特的地位。在社会性世界的各种存在形式中,规约的存在不仅势在必然,而且还具有最重要的交际和认知功能。如果不考虑理论的规约性选择,将不可能在语言科学乃至人文科学中使用自然科学的探索方法;在将语言学理论应用于经验性语料的过程中,如果缺乏概念和操作机制,直接证实假说的可能性也将不可能存在。目前,认知语言学理论面临的是如何科学地解决各种大量的显性和隐性的社会及心理规约问题。

Communicativeness is the chief characteristics of human cognitive behavior. Communicative activities impel mankind to form cognitive structure and help to develop human cognitive competence. Social phenomena differ from in that the society is the outcome of human activities and the result of meanings, and is explicated by language. In the integration of socialized forms in human behavior with the vast system of meanings in the society language occupies a unique position. The existence of conventions is not only inevitable in various forms of the social world, but the convention also possess the most important communicative and cognitive function. It is impossible to apply the research method of natural science without taking the conventional choice into account in linguistic science and humanities. Lacking conceptual basis and operational mechanism, there is no possibility to verify a hypothesis directly in the process of applying linguistic theories to experiential language materials. The current challenge in cognitive linguistic theory is how to solve the large number of problems of explicit and intrinsic social and psychological conventions.