普通话中“你看”变体的多角度考察

A Multi-Perspective Study of the variant of"Ni Kan"in Putonghua

在现代汉语普通话中,“你看”有三个变体:“你看1”“你看2”“你看3”。它们主要出现在对话中,“你看1”主要表示听话者用眼睛看;“你看2”表示说话者让听话者注意某种现象;“你看3”表示说话者要求听话者发表自己的看法,三个“你看”的关系反映了普通话中的“看”正在发生虚化。应从形式和意义两个方面对“你看”的三个变体进行区别和界定,并对普通话中“你看”的虚化机制进行深入探讨。

In Putonghua, “Ni Kan” has three variants：“Ni Kan1” “Ni Kan2” “Ni Kan3”. They appear primarily in dialogue, “Ni Kan1” means that the hearer looks with the eye; “Ni Kan2” means that the speaker makes the hearer notice a certain phenomenon ; “Ni Kan3” means the speaker requires the hearer to announce his own viewpoint. The relations of three variants reflect that grammerticalization of the “Kan” is taking place in Putonghua. From two aspects of form and meaning, this paper distingui- shes and defines the three variants, and try to study the rule of the grammerticalization of the “Ni Kan” in Putonghua.