两种技术非自主论评析

Analysis on the two theories of technology' s non-autonomy

技术非自主论有两种类型:制度决定论和上帝意义论,它们的出发点是一致的,都是反对技术的自主论,但它们的思路和归宿又是不同的。制度决定论认为制度的发展决定着技术的发展,只要建立了一种合理的制度,技术的异化便会消失不见。上帝意义论认为技术的意义都来自于上帝的意义原动力,只要屈从于这种原动力,建立一种有责任的技术,技术就不会再产生负面效应。我们认为,这两种技术非自主论与技术自主论一样,都存在着局限性。技术在相对意义上是自主的,在绝对意义上是不自主的。所以,由科学技术使用方式造成的负面效应是可以而且应该避免的,而由技术自身带来的负面效应是不能彻底根除的。

There are two theories of technology＇s non-autonomy： institutional determinism and God＇s meaning. Their starting points are the sane, opposite to technology＇s autonomy, but their thoughts and end - results are different. Institutional determinis holds that institutional development determines technological development, and so long as a reasonable institution is set up, technological alienation will disappear . The theory of God＇ s meaning holds that technological meaning comes from the meaning - motive- power of God, and so long as we submit to it, and set up a responsible technology, technology will not bring out negative effects. We hold that, like technology＇ s autonomy, the two theories of technology＇ s non - autonomy have their limitations. Technology is relatively autonomous and absolutely non - autonomous. Therefore, the negative effects that the application of technology brings about can and should be avoidable; the negative effects that technology itself brings about can not be overcome completely.