影响血液标本取材质量因素的调查分析

An investigation about the factors which would influence the quality of blood specimen

目的了解影响血液标本取材质量的因素,探讨解决与克服的措施。方法由质量控制小组随机对护理人员静脉血标本采集全过程进行逐项调查,各项结果主要采用统计描述和对影响血标本取材质量的因素进行分析。结果13%的护理人员对静脉血标本取材质量影响检验结果的前因后果不甚了解,9%的护理人员静脉血标本采集操作不规范。影响血液标本取材质量的主要因素:取材试管有水雾占2.88%,注射器漏气占2.93%,机械性损伤占4.05%,血标本延长送检时间占5.04%,抗凝剂标本凝固占1.17%,药物因素占0.32%,采血部位不当占1.94%,住院部血标本取材存在问题较普遍。结论加强护理人员血标本取材技术知识培训考核,有利于提高血标本取材质量。

Objective To understand the factors which would effect the quality of blood specimen, and then set the countermeasures. Methods Investigated the whole course of venous blood sampling by the quality control group, and then analyzed the data. Results 13% nursing personnel did not know the factors which would effect the quality of blood specimen. 9% nursing personnel collect venous blood with a nonstandard way. The factors which would effect the quality of blood specimen were： test tube was not enough dry, the injector air leak, mechanical injury, the time of deliver specimen was too long, anticoagulant clotting, and so on. Conclusion Strengthen the training of professional skill and knowledge for nursing personnel, and then improve the quality of blood specimen.