经皮穿刺气管造口术的临床应用

The clinical application of Percutaneous tracheostomy

目的:探讨经皮穿刺气管造口术(PT)和常规气管切开术(ST)2种气管造口方法的临床效果。方法: 159例患者分为2组,PT组85例,ST组74例,比较2组方法术中、术后并发症的发生率及手术操作时间和地点的不同。结果:PT、ST组手术平均操作时间分别为8．1、32 min,差异具有统计学意义(P<0．05)。PT组、ST组并发症发生率分别为15．3％、25．7％,差异无统计学意义(P>0．05)。PT组91．8％在ICU完成,ST组68．9％在手术室完成。结论:PT操作快捷,易于掌握,可在床边安全进行,可作为气管切开术的首选方法。

Objective： Evaluation of percutaneous tracheostomy （PT） with surgical tracheostomy （ST）. Methods： Eighty-five patients were performed by PT technique and 78 by ST method. The complication rates, operation time and operation location were compared. Results： PT was performed in 8. 1 rain versus 32 rain for ST group （P 〈0.01）. 91.8 percent patient in PT group were performed at ICU while 68.9 per cent in ST group were performed in operating-room （P 〈0.05）. There was no procedure-related death in two groups. The very common complication in two groups was minor bleeding but the total complication rates in both groups have no significant difference. Conclusions： This study confirms that PT is not only a simpler and quiker precedure than ST but also can be performed in bedside which would eliminating the risk of patient transport.