海南省流行性脑脊髓膜炎菌群分布和人群免疫水平调查

Survey of distribution of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis bacterium and the population immunity level in Hainan Province

目的 了解海南省健康人群流脑菌群分布及免疫水平，为防治流脑提供科学依据。方法 采取分层随机抽样的方法采集海口市、屯昌县、陵水县和儋州市0～59岁健康人群静脉血和咽拭子，检测A群和C群血清抗体水平同时进行咽拭子脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌阳性菌株分离。结果 全省共调查693人，采集静脉血693份，捡出A群抗体阳性率40．32％，平均滴度1：5．7；C群血清抗体阳性率19．22％，平均滴度l：2．0。最低血清抗体滴度l：2。最高血清抗体滴度〉1：256；采集健康人群咽拭子617份，检出率0．02％。5岁以下少儿童A群和c群血清抗体阳性率均低于20％；20～40岁青壮年血清抗体阳性率和脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌阳性菌株检出率最高。结论 海南省流脑疫情趋势属于低流行区，15岁以下少年儿童A群和C群血清抗体阳性率水平偏低，不能形成免疫屏障．建议加强流脑疫情监测和15岁以下少年儿童流脑疫苗免疫接种。防止流脑瘦情暴发流行。

Objective To understand the distribution of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis bacterium and the immune level of the population in Hainan Province and provide seientifie basis for controlling the disease. Methods The samples of venous blood and throat swabs were collected from healthy people aged 0 ～ 59 years old in Haikou City, Tunchang County, Lingshui County and Danzhou City by randomly stratified sampling method, The Neisseria meningitidis was isolated and the levels of antibody to A and C groups of Neisseria meningitidis in the population was determined, Results There 693 persons were surveyed and venous blood samples were eollected, the positive rate of A group antibody was 40.32 % with an average titer of 1：5.7 and the positive rate of C group antibody was 19,22% with an average titer of 1：2,0. the lowest and highest antibody triers were 1 ：2.0 and 1：256 or above, Totally 617 swabs were eolleeted with a positive rate of 0.02%. The positive rate of antibodies to A and C groups in the infants under age of five years old was lower than 20 % . The antibody positive rate and the detection rate of Neisseria meningitidis strains were the highest in the adults aged between 20 and 40 year old. Conclusion Hainan Province is a low epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis prevalent area ; the positive levels of antibodies to A and C group of Neisseria meningitides were low and can not form a immune barrier. Thus it is suggested the works of surveillanee of the epidemic cerebral meningitis infections and the immunization of children under the age of fifteen years old with epidemic cerebral meningitis vaccine be strengthened so as to prevent epidemic cerebral meningitis from outbreak and prevalence in this province.