制度变迁,还是动员式改革——社会动员视野下的中国农村改革反思

Institution Change or Reform by Mobilizing——Recollection of China Rural Reform in the Point of Social Mobilization

新制度经济学并不足以解释20世纪70年代末80年代初的中国农村改革,改革过程具有浓厚的动员色彩,是一次动员式改革。这次动员式改革既不同于以群众运动为代表的组织化动员,也不同于市场转型背景下的准组织化动员,该动员式改革有两个明显的特点:国家不能完全控制动员的影响;改革过程中动员与制度建设相互影响。

New institution economics is inadequate to explain the China rural reform in the late seventies and early eighties of the 20th century. The process of reform equipped with profound color of mobilizing is the reform by mobilizing. The reform is different form the organized mobilization represented by mass movement and the fellow-organized mobilization under the background of market transforming. The reform by mobilizing endowed with two distinct characters： inabilityto fully control the result of mobilization for the sate; mobilization and institution construction influencing each other in the reform process.