有机凹凸棒粘土的制备及复合高吸水性树脂的性能

Study on Preparation of Organo-attapulgite Clays and Properties of Superabsorbent Composites

采用机械搅拌和超声处理方式,用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵对凹凸棒粘土进行了有机改性,通过X射线衍射、红外光谱及电镜观察等测试技术比较了改性前后凹凸棒粘土的变化情况。结果表明,有机阳离子与凹凸棒发生了吸附作用,改性凹凸棒粘土达到了纳米级分散。在相同反应条件下机械搅拌方式所得凹凸棒粘土的有机率为5．12％,而超声处理只有2．98％。将其用于有机、无机复合吸水树脂的制备,在凹凸棒粘土含量为10％时,其吸水率分别为3 820 g／g和3 323 g／g,而原土制备的树脂吸水率只有2 872 g／g。

Organo-attapulgite clays were prepared by means of mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment in a hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide （HTAB） and attapulgite clay mixture solution. The attapulgite clay and organo-attapulgite clays were characterized by using XRD, FTIR, SEM and TEM techniques. The results show that the HTAB cations were adsorbed on the surface of attapulgite needles, and dispersion of the organoattapulgite clays showed nano-dimension. Organic contents of the two organo-attapulgite clays prepared by either mechanical stirring or ultrasonic treatment under the same conditions were 5.12% and 2.98% , respectively. The two organo-attapulgite clays were used for the preparation of organic-inorganic hybrid superabsorbents. When the clay content was 10%, the water absorbencies of the two resulting superabsorbent composites reached 3 820 g/g and 3 323 g/g , respectively, which are higher than that of superabsorbent composite prepared with untreated attapulgite clay（2 872 g/g）.