H5N1亚型禽流感病毒拯救体系的建立

Establishment of reverse genetics system for H5N1 subtype AI

选择鸡胚高产的鸭源H5N1亚型禽流感病毒A／Duck／Shandong／093／2004株作为骨架病毒，在完成了全基因组序列测定基础上，设计合成的11对引物对病毒的8个基因分11段进行扩增。通过与转录载体PHW2000连接，构建A／SD／04的8个基因的拯救载体，经测序获得序列准确的拯救质粒：241、242、243、244、245、246、247和248。A／SD／04的8质粒与PR8（H1N1）进行不同组合的拯救，获得8个均含A／SD／04HA基因的H5重组流感病毒。鸡胚尿囊液中重组病毒的血凝效价在2^8-2^10，EID50在10^-8.5 - 10^-9之间，MDT在34～46h之间，均与野生A／SD／04（wt A／SD／04）相似。重组病毒对6周龄的SPF鸡的静脉接种指数（IVPI）与wt A／SD／04却有明显的差异，说明不同组合的内部基因影响病毒对鸡的致病力，但不影响病毒的鸡胚致死能力、对鸡胚的感染能力和病毒在鸡胚中的繁殖能力。构建的A／SD／04的8个质粒拯救系统，为H5NI的基因功能研究和新型疫苗开发奠定基础。

H5N1 subtype influenza virus A/Duck/Shandong/093/2004 （A/SD/04） strain was chosen as the master strain for rescue research. 11 sets of primers for 8 plasmids construction were designed base on the sequencing of the full-length of A/SD/04. Eleven fragments of A/SD/04 were amplified by the designed primers and were ligated with PHW2000 for rescue plasmid construction. Eight transcription/expression plasmids were obtained, which encoded the eight segments of A/SD/04, and designated as 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247 and 248, respectively. The COS-1 cell was cotransfected with eight plasmids with different combination of A/SD/04 and PRS. The eight reassortants shared the same HA （from A/SD/04） but contained different internal genes and NA. All of the eight reassorted viruses had some similar bio-characteristics, such as the viral title in fertilized eggs was range from 256 to 1024, the EID50 were between 10^-8.5 - 10^-9, and MDT were between 34 - 46h. But the IVPI of the eight reassortants was differently and all were lower than the wild-type A/SD/04. These results confirmed that different recombination of internal genes of HSNI has influence on viral virulence to 6-week SPF chicken but not on viral replication ability in embryonated chicken eggs. The establishment of eight-palsmid rescue system for A/SD/04 is the base for farther research on genes function of HSN1. And A/SD/04 can be used as a backbone to replace PR8 entirely in generation of H5 AIV vaccine candidate.