环境哲学的另类形态:人文生态学（下）

Another Form of Environmental Philosophy: Human Ecology(the first half)

环境在本质上属于文化的范畴,是由人的对象化活动及其产品所构成的人的生存空间和意义空间。作为过程, 它表现为自然的人化；作为结果,它表现为人化的自然,健康的环境乃是人道主义与自然主义的统一。必须基于价值与文化的维度研究环境,人与自然的关系必须以人与人之间的关系为参照,以他人、社会甚至代际利益作为评价环境的价值尺度,并以追求和谐与幸福为旨归。环境哲学的人文生态学转向乃是人类在解决自然生态的进程中求助于人性化的生产方式、交往方式和生活方式的必然结果,人类正确对待自然的观念方式、政治方式、制度方式和行为方式是解决自然生态的根本出路,也是试图拥有真正人的生活的一种努力。重建人文生态具有双重效应：为重建人与自然的和谐提供文化基础；为追求人的身心和谐与心灵净化提供现实基础。本文在梳理生态学的人文生态学转向及其限制、环境哲学及其局限的基础上,试图寻找造成环境问题的社会设置基础,主张构建人文生态是解决生态危机从而构建和谐社会的根本道路。

Environment is essentially in the category of culture, and healthy environment is the unity of humanism and naturalism. Environmental research must be on the basis of value and culture. In the relationship between mankind and nature the pursuit of harmony and happiness is the aim, and the standards of environmental evaluation are people, society and even benefit. Re - establishing human ecology has double effects ： providing cultural basis for harmony between human and nature and realistic basis of human harmony and spiritualization. This paper tries its best to seek the social basis of environment and thinks that human ecology is the basic road to solving ecological crisis and founding a harmonious society.