无线传感器网络拓扑结构研究

Research on Topological Structure of Wireless Sensor Network

随着处理技术、存储技术以及无线传输技术的不断发展,由体积小、重量轻、价格低的无线传感器节点所组成的传感器网络已经充分具备了感知客观事物及自然现象,随时随地为用户提供精确信息的能力。通过对于星状网、网状网和混合网等几种常用传感器网络拓扑结构的比较,以及针对这些拓扑结构所形成的网络寿命的仿真,说明了对于常用的基站距离远、节点密度大的传感器网络,分层式的拓扑结构能够大大的节省网络能量,延长网络寿命,改善网络性能。

Recent advances in processing, memory and wireless transmission technologies have made Wireless Sensor Network （WSN） possible. WSN consists of wireless sensor nodes that have small size, light weight and low cost, and is capable of detecting information of objectives precisely and then supplying these information for the users anywhere and anytime. In this paper, three network topologies - star, mesh and hybrid topology are compared with each other, and simulations are made for these network topologies.The results show that, for the general sensor network in which the distance between base station and sensor field is long and the density of sensor nodes is high, the hierarchical topology （one of hybrid topology） can not only save energy of network, but also extend network lifetime and improve the performance of entire network.