铅中毒儿童运动功能与心理学特点及干预措施的临床研究

The Clinical Study of Lead Poisoning Children's Acting Function and Psychological Characteristic

目的了解铅中毒儿童的运动功能与心理学特点,探讨干预措施。方法对铅中毒儿童作运动、个性、行为、智力、适应能力测试,进行心理干预,并与健康儿童作比较。结果铅中毒儿童的精细运动、视—动控制评分低于健康组,N质个性高于健康组(P<0.05);行为问题发生率为30,男孩多有攻击行为,女孩表现为抑郁、社会退缩;患儿平均IQ为105.75,与健康组相比无显著差异(P>0.05),但D、E单元得分低于健康组(P<0.001),适应能力商数为102.31,健康组为107.83,主要为社会/自制因子得分低于健康组(P<0.001);干预后患儿N质个性及行为因子评分降低,与干预前相比P<0.05。结论儿童运动功能较认识功能更易受到铅毒性作用的损害;铅中毒儿童显示情绪不稳定的个性特点,存在明显的行为问题,且血铅与行为异常存在剂量—效应关系,无可以接受的安全水平;尽管智商差异不显著,但铅中毒儿童的类比推理能力和社会适应能力,尤其是社会/自制因子明显低下,与血铅水平呈极显著负相关;心理干预可改善其个性行为异常。

Objective To understand acting funition and psychological characteristics of Lead poisoning children. Explore intervening measures. Methods To test the Lead poisoning children for their action, personality, behavior, IQ and social adaptive behavior（SAB） and exert psychological intervention to them. Result The sore of Lead poisoning children in specific action vision-mition control were lower that or control group, while N score was higher （P〈0.05）. The occurrence rate of hehavor problem was 30%. The behavior problem in boys was assult, while in girls was social flinch. The mean IQ was 105. 75 and there was no significant diffrence between the two groups （P〉0.05）. However, the scores of D, E units in Lead poisoning groups were lower than that in control group （P〈0. 001）. The adaptive deviation guotient （ADQ） of Lead poisoning group was 102.31, which was significantly lower than that of control group 107.82（P〈0.05）. Especially the social/sel-direction factor. After the intercention. N score and behavior score all decreasend Conclusion Children＇s acting function is more fragile to the Lead than perceive function. Lead poisoning chidren possessed personality characteristics of neurotisim and obvious behavior problem. There is a guantity-efficacity relationship between the Lead level in blood and the abnormal behavior, no safe Lead level is acceptable. Altough IQ diffrenee of the two groups is not significant, the reasoning from analogy. Abclity and adaptive behavior, particularly social direction factor were scgnifieantly lower than in normal children. They are negatively correlated to the Lead level in blood. Psychological intervening can improve the behavior and personality of Lead poisoning children.