先秦“礼教”再认识

Re-understanding of Ethical Pedagogy in Pre-Qin Era and Its Realistic Significance

“礼教”是中国特有的一种教育思想和教育模式,然而由于复杂的历史原因,在许多人心中它充满了贬义,成了封建专制和缺乏人性的家规、纲常与说教的代名词。先秦礼教不同于封建礼教,封建礼教的核心是“三纲五常”、“三从四德”,而先秦礼教的本质则是以“五常”为核心的思想体系。只有将“三纲”与“五常”、“三从”与“四德”区别开来,才能发现先秦礼教与封建礼教的区别,弄清其本来面目,发掘其当代价值。

Ethical pedagogy is an educational thought and model only in China. In many people＇minds, however, it is derogatory and becomes a synonym for feudal monarchy and the family rules, cardinal guides and preaching which lack humanity for complex historical reasons. The ethical pedagogy in Pre-Qin Era is different from the feudal ethical pedagogy. The cores of the the feudal ethical pedagogy are the three obediences and the four virtues, the three cardinal guides and the five ethical principles. The essences of the ethical pedagogy in Pre-Qin era are, however, the five ethical principles and the theoretical system whose nucleus is humanity. The feudal ethical pedagogy and the ethical pedagogy in pre-Qin era can be distinguished, its true features can be made clear and its present value can be explored only if the three cardinal guides are differentiated from the five ethical principles and the three obediences are done from the four virtues.