北京地区中暑气象指数预报与服务

Heatstroke Index Forecast and Service in Beijing Area

随着全球气候变暖,城市化以及老年化,北京的高温危害十分突出.对北京市1951～2002年夏季平均气温、极端高温以及平均相对湿度联合分析发现:高温高湿往往同步出现,高温现象在加剧,6月高温日数多于7月,但40 ℃以上的极端高温出现时间从6月下旬延迟到7月,这些都会加重高温危害.为此根据北京气候特点,并参考近年国内外关于高温中暑指标,制定了北京市高温中暑4级标准和相应的指标体系,并自2001年起向公众发布,指导居民防暑降温,取得了明显效果.

Along with the global warming, urbanization and population＇s aging, the damages caused by high temperature are getting serious. Through analyzing the summer temperature, extremely high temperature and relative humidity from 1951 to 2002, it is found that high temperature and high humidity come forth usually at the same time; high temperature events increase; and the number of high temperature days in June is greater than that in July and the occurrence time of extreme high temperature over 40℃ moved from the end of June to July. All of these have aggravated the damages caused by high temperature. According to the climatic characteristics of Beijing and the indexes of high temperature and heatstroke, a series of heatstroke index and grading standards is presented for Beijing, which has been put to operational use and broadcast to the public since 2001.