扬州市食品中7种食源性致病菌污染状况及耐药性研究

Contamination Status and Drug Resistance of Foodborne Pathogens in Yangzhou

为确定易受污染的食品,研究食源性病原菌耐药性状,为制定HACCP控制食源性疾病提供科学依据,对扬州市食品中沙门菌、E.coliO157:H7、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌、空肠弯曲菌和小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌污染状况进行分析。在957份食品中共检出沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌90株,检出率为9.40%。其中沙门菌检出率为2.09%,单核细胞增生李斯特菌检出率为4.49%,金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为2.72%,副溶血性弧菌检出率为0.10%,未检出E.coliO157:H7。在80件生肉类试样中检出空肠弯曲菌8株,小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌6株。对分离出的沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌进行药敏试验,结果表明3种致病菌对部分抗生素多重耐药。扬州市食品中主要危害因素为沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌及其对抗生素的多重耐药。食物链是病原菌耐药性产生的重要环节。加强生肉制品、散装熟食及生牛奶的卫生管理,控制动物饲料抗生素添加剂的使用并严格遵守休药期以防止耐药菌株的产生,对控制食源性疾病、保证食品安全具有很重要的意义。

To learn the contamination status and drug resistance of foodborne pathogens and provide epidemiological data for supervision to foodborne diseases, 957 samples of 8 categories of foods were investigated for foodborne pathogens in Yangzhou, and antibiotic resistance tests were made. 90 strains of 4 species of foodbome pathogens were isolated, including Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and V. Phrahaemolyticus. The overall prevalence was 9.40%. The prevalences of Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and V. Phrahaemolyticus were 2.09%, 4.49%, 2.72% and 0.10% respectively. No E. coli O157： H7 was detected. 8 strains of C. jejuni and 6 strains of Y. enterocolitica were isolated from 80 samples of raw meats. The results of antibiotic resistance analysis showed that some strains were highly resistant to certain antibiotics and some were multidrng resistant. The main hazards in foods of Yangzhou were Salmonella, L. monocytogenes, S. aureus and their drug resistance. The raw meats were mainly contaminated by Salmonella. The cooked foods in bulk were mainly contaminated by L. monocytogenes. The raw milks were manly contaminated by S. aureus. There occurred contamination of C. jejuni and Y. enterocolitica in raw meats. Drng resistance of bacteria has been got in food-chains. It is important to strengthen the food sanitation management especially to raw meats and cooked foods in bulk and raw milks. To control the use of antibiotics in animal feedstuffs and to follow the withdrawal time strictly are necessary to reduce the antibiotic resistance and multi-drug resistance of pathogens and to control the occurrence of foodborne diseases.