试论战时日本在华直接投资——以矿产投资为例

A Tentative Approach to Japan's Investment in China during the Anti-Japanese War

伴随日本侵华战争形势的变化和日本国内战时经济统制体制的确立,战时日本在华直接投资策略和投资内容也在不断调整之中。由于其在中国地位的特殊性,战时日本在华直接投资不仅不同于近代外国在华投资,而且也具有与战前日本在华投资不同的特点:这一时期日本在华直接投资是对中国占领区输出资本同对部分已沦为其殖民地的地区的投资结合在一起,投资、开发与掠夺相互交叉。对中国富源的掠夺是日本帝国主义赖以维持的基础;战时日本在华直接投资对中国人民造成的深重灾难是有目共睹的,但在客观上也给战后中国的工业化进程提供了一定的物质和技术基础;在傀儡政权方面主要体现了战时日本在华直接投资的殖民地性质,但同时也加剧了日方与傀儡政权之间的明争暗斗。

With the change of Japanese aggressive war circumstances in China and the establishment of Japan＇s wartime controlled economy, the tactics and items of Japanese direct investment in China were in frequent readjustment. Due to Japan＇s special status in China, its direct investment in this country was not only different from the foreign investments in modern China, but also had distinctions with Japan＇s investment in China in the prewar period. Japan＇s direct investment in China in this period combined the export capital in its occupied Chinese area with the investment in its colonial district. Japan＇s plunder of China＇s natural resources provided a sustaining basis for Japanese imperialism; it is absolutely undeniable that Japan＇s direct investment in China in the wartime resulted in a catastrophic disaster to Chinese people though objectively certain material and technical bases were left behind to be made use of in the process of Chinese industrialization after the war; as for the direct Japanese investment to Chinese puppet regime mainly showed its colonial nature on the one hand and worsened the struggles between on the other hand.