简论明瑞在新疆的活动——兼评乾隆的用人策略

A Brief Comment on Mingri's Administration in Xinjiang——A Peer into Emperor Qianlong's Personnel Strategies

明瑞是第一位伊犁将军,他在新疆秉承乾隆旨意,驻防屯垦,处理与哈萨克的关系,保持边防稳定,兴办文教,促进当地教育事业的发展。但是,他在设置雅尔城和处理乌什事变中的表现却不尽如人意。他的功绩和过处相较而言,应功大于过。通过明瑞在新疆的活动,我们可以窥出乾隆帝重用满族人士和亲属等方面的用人策略。

As the first Yili General in the Qing Dynasty, conforming strictly to Emperor Qianlong＇s decrees, Mingrui main- tained the stability of Xinjiang by settling down inhabitants at frontier bordering areas and keeping in good terms with the Kazak and other tribes in the frontier regions. In the meantime, he developed education to rid the local people of literacy. However, his prominence and achievements were blurred by his establishment of the city of Ya＇er and his responses to Wushi Incident. Objectively speaking, Mingrui＇s merits outweighed his demerits. Through Mingrui＇s administration in Xingjiang, we may as well have a limited view of Emperor Qianlong＇s personnel strategies-reliance on Manchurian officials and kinships.