化学转化木材为热塑性材料

CHEMICAL CONVERSION OF WOOD TO THERMOPLASTIC MATERIALS

木材是不溶不熔的材料。近年来研究发现通过适当的化学改性反应特别是经典的纤维素酯化和醚化反应对木材进行化学改性，可使木材转化为可溶可熔的新型热塑性高分子材料。这些热塑性木材可单独或与合成高聚物共混热压加工成型为各种形状的类塑料产品，或利用其热熔性制造自粘合型纤维板、微粒板或木板材。这些新发现为扩大木材的加工方法、劣废木材资源更有效的综合利用及提高木材的应用价值开辟了全新的途径，故已成为近１０多年来木材综合利用新技术研究开发的热点之一。本文综述了该领域的研究开发现状。

Wood is inmeltable and insoluble material. Recent research discovered that the wood can be converted into meltable and soluble new thermoplastic polymeric materials by means of suitable chemical modifications especially traditional cellulosic chemical modifications such as esterifications or etherifications. Utilizing the hot flow property of these chemically modified wood, they can be molded itself or blended with some synthesized polymers to produce many plastic-like products or self-adheared fiberboard and particleboard. These discoveries provided a new route to utilize the forest and wood resources more wisely and efficiently and to develop new processing method and applied value of wood. So that the thermoplasticization of wood becomes a new hot-point of research and development of applied technology of wood resources in last ten years. This paper describes the status of these works.