苎麻不同育种材料辐照诱变效果的比较

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE MUTAGE NIC EFFECTS OF RADIATION BREEDING WITH DIFFERENT RAMIE MATERIAL

用６０Ｃｏγ－射线辐照苎麻的干燥种子、地下茎和试管苗的研究结果表明：对６０Ｃｏγ－射线的辐照敏感性以干种子最低，试管苗最高，地下茎居中，其半致死照射量分别为５．１６，１．２９和２．０６Ｃ／ｋｇ．试管苗的辐照诱变率可达１０％以上，地下茎的辐照诱变率为５％左右，而种子本身变异率虽高，但其辐照诱变率仅３％左右．认为辐射育种与组织培养相结合，可能是苎麻育种的有效新途径．

Dry seeds, rhizomes and plants in vitro of ramie were radiated by 60 Co γ ray, and the mutagenic effects were studied comparatively. The results showed that the plants in vitro were most sensitive to 60 Co γ ray, the dry seeds least sensitive, and the rhizomes between the both above. The semi lethal dose to dry seeds, rhizomes and plants in vitro were 5 16, 2 06,1 29 C/kg.The mutation rate of radiated dry seeds was about 3%,of radiated plants in vitro 10% or above,and of rhizomes near to 5%.Therefore,radioactive breeding combined with tissue culture may be proposed as a new effective way for ramie breeding.