论语义特征的语法分类

On Grammatical Classification of Semantic Features

语法语义特征具有认知和功能两方面的理据,功能特征以人类认知为基础,认知特征要受到功能特征的制约。相容特征是能使一组词语在语义上相关联的共同的语义要素;区别特征是从一组具有相容特征的词语中提取出来的,能够在分布、语义关系或语用功能等方面相区别的语义要素;功能特征依赖结构或语境而存在,所以又叫做附属特征。

Grammatical and semantic features are related to human cognition and Junctions oi language. Functional features are motivated by human cognition, in turn, cognitive features are constrained by functional features. Common features are semantic elements that connect a group of words semantically. Distinctive features are semantic elements that can differentiate a group of words in terms of their collocation, semantic relations and pragmatic functions. Functional features are derived from linguistic structures and pragmatic contexts, hence are named contextual features.