论司法的形式性与公正性

On Judicial Formality and Fairness

司法的形式性与公正性是可以作精确区分的两个概念。司法的形式性是规范问题,司法的公正性是价值问题。司法的形式性要求司法与实在法律的价值基础及政策相分离,并且要求司法权的独立性。司法的形式性是保障实在法律的普遍实现,从而保障自由与正义的普遍实现的必要条件。中国司法的真正问题乃是司法的形式性的缺失。鉴于中国一向缺乏形式法传统,维护司法的形式性应当是中国当前的司法体系面临的首要任务。

There is an exact conceptional difference between judicial formality and judicial fairness, the former is the issue of norm, and the latter is that of value. The judicial formality demands that justice should be separated from the value basis of positive law and policy, and also demands the independence of jurisdiction. The judicial formality is the essential condition that guarantees the general realization of the positive law, thereby guarantees the general realization of freedom and .justice. The actual problem of China justice is the lack of formality, considering the lack of formal law tradition , and the present China judicial system should take it as the primary task to preserve judicial formality.