乙草胺及其它酰胺类除草剂在环境中的降解与迁移

Degradation and mobility in the environment of acetochlor and other amide herbicides

乙草胺是目前我国使用最广泛的除草剂之一。介绍了乙草胺及其它酰胺类除草剂在环境中的降解代谢行为,主要包括水解、光解、土壤中降解、吸附解吸以及在土壤中的移动性等几个方面,其中光解和微生物降解是酰胺类除草剂在环境中的主要降解途径,而光源、光敏剂、土壤微生物及土壤性质是影响降解的重要因素,土壤有机质含量是影响这类除草剂在土壤中吸附及移动的主要因素。

Acetochlor is currently one of most widely used herbicides in China. Degradation and metabolism of acetochlor and other amide herbicides in the environment are described, including aspects such as hydrolysis, photodegradation, degradation in the soil, sorption and desorption in soil, and soil mobility. Photolysis and microbial degradation are the primary means of degradation in the environment. Light source, photosensitizers, soil microbes, and soil properties are the factors most affecting amide herbicide degradation. Sorption and mobility of these herbicides in the soil are mainly affected by soil organic matter.