岩下窦的显微解剖

Microanatomy of inferior petrosal sinus

目的观察岩下窦(IPS)的显微解剖学特征,防止术中及术后的出血等并发症。方法通过10例(20侧)经过彩色乳胶灌注的成人尸头标本进行测量,并对结果进行统计学处理。结果IPS行于颅底内面的岩下窦沟内,即由斜坡和颞骨岩部组成的岩斜裂内,形状不规则。IPS 60%的右侧大于左侧。IPS经颈静脉孔的岩部进入颈静脉孔,4侧经Ⅸ前方(占20%),14侧经Ⅸ与Ⅹ之间穿行(占70%),2侧位于Ⅹ与Ⅺ之间(占10%),16侧汇入颈静脉球,占80%;4侧汇入颈内静脉,占20%,未见同时汇入二者的。并且IPS接收多条属支。结论明确了IPS的解剖特点,为术中处理好IPS,顺利开展岩斜区及颈静脉孔区手术创造良好条件。

Objective To study the localization, morphology, tributaries of the inferior petrosal sinus and to use the knowledge for the clinical operation. Method Cadaveric specimens of 10 cases （20 sides） with the eolorized latex were anatomized and measured, Result IPS courses in the suleus for inferior petrosal sinus ,that was ,on the intraeranial surface of the petroclival fissure which was made up of the clivus and the petrous pyramid. Its morphology was irregular and the right IPS was larger than the left in 60% of the cases. IPS entered the petrosal part of the jugular foramen, in front of Cranial Nerves Ⅹ in 20% （4 eases）, in the middle of Ⅸ and Ⅹ in 70% （ 14 cases）and Ⅹ and Ⅸ in 10% （2 cases）. It emptied into the jugular bulb in 80% （ 16 cases） and the internal jugular vein in 20% （4 cases） ,and that emptied into the both was not found , It had many tributaries. Condusion .A definite understanding the mieroanatomie characteristics of the inferior petrosal sinus is helpful in properly handling the inferior petrosal sinus and successfully operating on the petroclival and jugular foramen area.