广东省24个月龄以下婴幼儿营养状况分析

Analysis on nutrition status of infants under 24 months in Guangdong province

目的了解广东省24个月以下婴幼儿营养状况,探讨影响儿童营养的有关因素,为改善整体儿童营养工作提供科学依据。方法利用2002年广东省居民营养与健康状况调查,获取24个月龄以下679名婴幼儿体格体检及询问调查资料,并进行描述性分析。采用世界卫生组织推荐使用的NCHS/WHO参考标准,对婴幼儿体格发育进行评价。结果婴幼儿抱奶时间的中位数为8h,其中24h后抱奶占13.9%,72h后占14.8%,农村婴幼儿抱奶时间长于城市(Z=-1.986,P<0.05);平均断奶时间为8个月,其中4个月以内断奶占15.1%,8个月以上断奶占61.8%,农村婴幼儿断奶时间长于城市(χ2=9.863,P<0.05);4个月内喂养方式城市以纯母乳喂养为主,农村以混合喂养为主(χ2=20.479,P<0.01);68.3%婴幼儿在4月龄内添加了辅食,12.8%在8月龄后添加辅食,城乡差异不明显。农村婴幼儿低体重发生率(14.9%)、生长迟缓发生率(21.5%)均明显高于城市婴幼儿(χ2=32.383,χ2=34.823,P<0.01)。结论广东部分农村地区婴幼儿营养不良、生长迟缓情况严重,应普及初乳喂养观念,适时添加辅食,转变不良养育行为。

Objective To find out nutrition status of infants under 24 month in Gungdong province, and to discuss rele vant factors on children; s nutrition and to provide scientific evidence for children nutrition improvenment. Methods Descriptive analysis was based on 679 infants＇ physical examinations and questionnaires under 24 months, which were collected from inhabits nutrition and health survey in Gunagdong province in 2002. NCHS/WHO was used as measurement of infant＇ s physique growth, Results Infant＇s median of breast feeing at first was 8 hours, of which breast feeding at first after 24 hours rated 13.996 and after 72 hours rated 14.8 %, weaned in rural area was caller than that of city（Z=-1.986, P〈 0,05 ） ; average weaned was 8 months, of which weaned in 4 hours rated 15.1% and weaned after 8 months rated 61,8 % , Rural＇ s weaned was later than that of city;the Main feding from in 4 months was monther＇s pure latex in city and mixture feeding in rural area. （X^2=20. 479, P〈0.01）. 68.3 % of infants began to add complementary in 4 low-weight rate and growth delay rate in rural area （14.9% ,21.5% ） than in city （X^2=32.383, X2^2 =34.823, P〈0.01） ,Conclusion There is much malnu trtion and growth delay in rural area in Guangdong. Opinion of breeding with foremilk, adding complementary in time should be prevailed to abandon bad fostering habits.