系列项目时间和空间信息学习的分组效应研究

The Effects of Grouping on the Learning of Spatial and Temporal Information of Serial Items

运用顺序回忆方法考察分组对系列项目时间和空间信息学习的影响。包括两个实验,实验一考察简化时间上的分组,或事先告知被试分组规则的情况下,分组是否会有助于时间顺序信息的学习。结果发现,这两个操作对时间顺序信息学习的促进作用不显著。实验二考察了垂直维度上不同形式的分组对空间位置信息学习的影响。结果发现,不同的分组方式对空间位置信息学习所起的作用不同。本研究支持了时间和空间两类顺序信息学习的内在过程不同,不应该用同一理论机制进行解释。

This study was to examine the effects of grouping on the the participants were tested on the learning of temporal sequence or learning of temporal and spatial information. In two experiments the spatial arrangement of a list of 12 words through completing order recall tasks. In Experiment 1, temporal grouping was made simpler or the participants were told about the rule of grouping in the experiment instruction. The results showed that grouping did not facilitate the learning of temporal order information under both conditions. In Experiment 2, we used two ways to group the spatial arrangement along the vertical dimension. The results showed that the two ways of spatial grouping had significantly different effects on the learning of spatial arrangement. According to these results, it could be concluded that spatial grouping significantly facilitated the learning of spatial arrangement under some grouping manners, but temporal grouping did not significantly facilitate the learning of temporal order information.