2002年北京市2岁以内婴幼儿营养与喂养状况调查

Investigation of nutrition and feeding status among children under 2 years in Beijing

目的了解北京市2岁以内婴幼儿出生时营养、母乳喂养与辅食添加状况,为政府制定儿童营养政策提供依据。方法采取分层整群随机抽样方法,于2002年8至11月在北京市18个区县进行抽样调查。在取得知情同意的情况下,对422名2岁以内婴幼儿的家长进行面对面询问调查。结果北京市平均婴儿出生体重为3325g,低体重出生率和巨大儿出生率分别为2.8%和13.0%;4月龄内婴儿母乳喂养率、混合喂养率和人工喂养率分别为56.6%、33.9%和9.5%,城区混合喂养率明显高于郊区;婴幼儿平均断奶月龄为7.4个月;6月龄及以上婴幼儿的辅食添加率为99.4%,城区和郊区婴幼儿各类辅食的添加顺序一致,但郊区婴幼儿的辅食添加时间晚于城区,且蔬菜水果、水产品、食用油的添加频率低于城区。结论北京地区新生儿体格发育良好,应在社区加强婴幼儿喂养的健康教育,提高母乳喂养率,适当延长母乳喂养时间,并适时添加各类辅食。

Objective To investigate the nutrition status, breast feeding and complementary feeding among children under 2 years of age in Beijing. Methods A stratified cluster randomly sampling method was used. After having got the compliance a questionnaire survey was carried out to 422 children 〈 2 year-old in total 18 districts of Beijing. Results The average infant birth weight was 3325 g, the rate of weight （2500 g and ≥4000 g were 2. 8% and 13.0% respectively. The rate of exclusive breast-feeding, partial breast- feeding,bnttle-feeding of infant under 4 months was 56. 6% ,33.9% and 9. 5% respectively. The average weaning time was 7.4 months. The rate of complementary feeding of infant up to 6 months was 99.4%. The average ages for addition of complementary feeding such as cereal, vegetable and fruit, egg, oil, nutrients in rural areas were later than those in urban. Conclusion It is important to promote breast feeding and improve complementary feeding by education and intervention.