宋代自然审美述略

An outline on the Appreciation of the Nature in Song Dynasty

两宋是中华自然审美的精致化阶段。它全盘继承了魏晋以来形成的自然审美三大形态基本格局,然又均有自身特色。纵游山水方面,以山水悟道形成自然审美之理趣;园林建筑方面,建筑各要素细节上全盘精致化,讲究山水之趣与日常享受兼顾的私家园林最为发达;山水艺术方面,山水花鸟画大兴,既将自然审美价值推至极处,又最终将自然审美的客观之境改铸为主观的情趣之境。

Song Dynasty was the refinement stage in the appreciation of the nature in China. T he three main forms of the natural appreciation which formed in Wei and Jin Dynasty had been succeed comprehensively, meanwhile, the aesthetic activities in the nature also showed its features： in landscape wandering, to get wisdom from the nature became a kind of special aesthetic tendency in the natural appreciation - reason taste; in garden building, all details were decorated exquisitely, the private gardens which combined both of landscape pleasure and day - life convenience developed greatly; in natural arts, the paintings about landscape, flowers and birds were flourishing, it showed the value of natural appreciation greatly, and changed the natural appreciation from objective affair into subjective one.