民国民法典的编订:政府与法律家的合作

Civil Law of Republic of China: Cooperation between Government and Law Experts

近代大陆法系各国的民法典皆由政府、法律家、民众共同完成:政府为编纂民法典提供政治支持;参与立法的法律家直接完成法典的技术建构;民众(即民事主体) 的社会生活为民法典提供现实蓝本;政府和法律家通过征询意见、习惯调查等方式使民众间接参与法典编纂。我国历史上第一部现代意义之民法典——《中华民国民法》(以下称“民国民法典”),则主要是政府与法律家合作之产物,其中鲜有民众参与。南京国民政府与法律家合作立法,政府通过立法计划支持法典编纂,挑选法律家担负立法工作,法律家在政府的立法计划框架内完成立法作业。

All civil laws of modern countries in continent law system are completed by governments, law experts and the demos, governments support politically, law experts provide technical structure, the live social activity gives real the original version and the demos take part in the editing of the law by consulting and custom investigating from the government and the experts. The Civil Law of the Republic of China, the first modern civil law in our country, results mainly in the cooperation between the government and the law experts, with almost no participation of the demos.