基因技术的道德哲学革命

A Revolution in the Moral Philosophy of Gene Technology

基因伦理是一种道德哲学革命形态的高技术伦理,具有技术革命与道德哲学革命的二重形态和二重本质。据此,基因伦理的文化反应,不应当局限于对基因技术的发展提出伦理批评和伦理战略,最重要也是最困难的学术任务是进行道德哲学革命的理论准备。应当用拓展了的发展伦理学的方法,而不是常规伦理学的方法进行基因伦理的研究。基因技术发展导致道德哲学革命的最深刻的原因,在于它颠覆了“自然人—自然家庭”这个“文明时代”一切道德哲学的基础。现代基因技术的道德哲学革命具有三种形式。在克隆人未成为文明主体的时期,未来道德哲学的形态,将是“自然人—技术人”共生互动的“不自然的伦理”和“不自然的道德哲学”。

Gene ethics is an ethics of high technology in the form of a revolution in moral philosophy. It has a dual form and nature as both a revolution in technology and a revolution in moral philosophy. Therefore, the cultural reflection of gene ethics should not be limited to ethical criticism and strategy concerning the development of the gene technology. The most important and the most challenging task in academic research in the field is to prepare a theoretical foundation for the revolution in moral philosophy. Research into gene ethics should be conducted with the methodology of extended development ethics rather than conventional ethics. The fundamental reason that the development of gene technology gives rise to a revolution in moral philosophy is that such development overthrows the “natural man-natural family” as the foundation for all moral philosophy in our “civilized age.” The revolution in moral philosophy of modern gene technology takes three forms. Until cloned human beings take control of our civilization, the form of moral philosophy will be an “unnatural ethics” and an “unnatural moral philosophy” derived from the coexistence and interaction of “natural man-technical man.”