明散曲发展历程之重新认识

A New Light on the Evolution of Sanqu-Poetry in the Ming Dynasty

从晚明以来,人们多以嘉靖前后为界,把明散曲发展史分为前后两期;或再将“前期”一分为二,构成前、中、后三期;这两种划分都较粗略,难以清晰地揭示明散曲发展演变的历史脉络。作者在进行明散曲作家个案和群体研究的基础上,考察明代社会文化、时代思潮等相关因素,认为明散曲的发展演变可分为过渡期、低落期、复兴期、鼎盛期、继盛期等五个时期,并论述了各个时期的阶段性特征,以及这样划段分期的理由和意义。

It is common practice to divide the evolution of sanqu-poetry in the Ming dynasty into an earlier and a later stage, with the Jiajing reign as a watershed. Some researchers further divide the earlier stage into two to form an earlier, a middle and a later stage. Both divisions are too sketchy to give a clear picture of the evolution of sanqu in the Ming dynasty. Based on a careful study of the Ming dynasty sanqu writers, both as individuals and as a group, as well as the related socio-cultural factors and thoughts and ideas of the time, the author divides the evolution of sanqu in the Ming dynasty into five stages: the transitional stage, the decline stage, the renaissance stage, the flourishing stage, and the post-flourishing stage. The reasons and significance of this division are presented, and the features of each stage discussed in the paper.