RNA干扰及其抗病毒应用的可行性探讨

RNA interference and its feasibility in antiviral use

RNA干扰是存在于动植物细胞中的,由双链RNA介导的,序列特异性的mRNA降解过程。在哺乳动物细胞里,RNAi可以由21￣25个核苷酸长度的双链小干扰RNA(siRNA)触发。目前,以RNAi为策略来抑制病毒复制的方法已获得了巨大成功。但RNAi具有高度序列特异性,而多种病毒,如HIV-1、HBV A等却具有迅速变异的倾向。本文就病毒进化出的多种逃避RNA干扰的机制以及如何降低病毒对RNAi的耐受力等问题进行了多方面的探讨。

RNA interference （RNAi） is the process by which double-stranded RNA（dsRNA） directs sequencespecific degradation of mRNA in animal and plant cells. In mammalian cells, RNAi can be triggered by 21～25 nucleotide duplexes of small interfering RNA （siRNA）. Strategies to inhibit virus multiplication based on the siRNAs have gained great accomplishment. But the high sequence specificity of RNA interference, combined with the tendency of the viruses such as HIV-1, HBV A, to rapidly generate sequence variability and their tendency to change their secondary structure or secrete resistant proteins,indicates that these viruses are easy to evolve resistance to RNAi.In this article,the author probe into these problems and bring up some resolvents to these problems.