1Ruedi TP,Allgower M.Fractures of the lower end of the tibia into the ankle-joint[J].Injury,1969,1:92-99.
2Phillips WA,Schwartz HS,Keller CS,et al.A prospective,randomized study of the management of severe ankle fractures[J].J Bone Joint Surg(Am),1985,67(1):67-78.
3Wagner HE,Jakob RP.Plate osteosynthesis in bicondylar fractures of the tibial head[J].Unfallchirurg,1986,89(7):304-311.
4Wyrsch B,McFerran MA,McAndrew M,et al.Operative treatment of fractures of the tibial plafond.A randomized,prospective study[J].J Bone Joint Surg(Am),1996,78(11):1646-1657.
3Endres T,Grass R,Biewener A,et al.Advantages of minimally-invasive reposition,retention,and Ilizarav-(hybrid)fixation for pilon-tibial-fratures with particular emphasis on C2/C3 fratures[J].Unfallchirurg,2004,107(4):273.
4Kralinger F,Lutz M,Wam bacher M.et al.Arthoscopically assisted reconstruction and Percutaneous Screw fixation of a pilon tibial fracture[J].Arthroscopy,2003,19:45.
5Sirkin M.Sanders R.The Treatment of pilon fractures[J].Orthop Clin North Am,2001,32:91-102.
6王满宜 杨庆铭 曾炳芳 等译.骨折治疗的AO原则[M].北京:华夏出版社,2003.221.
7Gupta RK,Rohilla RK,Sangwan K,et al. Locking plate fixation in distalmetaphyseal tibial fractures: series of 79 patients[ J]. Int Orthop,2010,34(8) :1285 - 1290.
8Woon CY, Wong MK, Howe TS. LCP external fixation-external applica-tion of an internal fixator:two cases and a review of the literature[ J]. JOrthop Surg Res,2010,5(1) : 19.
9Ramos T, Karlsson J,Eriksson BI,et al. Treatment of distal tibial frac-tures with the Ilizarov external fixatora prospective observational study in39 consecutive patients[ J]. BMC Musculoskelet Disord,2013,14( 1):30.
10Ma CH,Tu YK,Yeh JH,et al. Using external and internal locking platesin a two-stage protocol for treatment of segmental tibial fractures [ J ]. JTrauma,2011,71(3) :614 -619.