黄瓜早期若干数量性状遗传研究

Genetic Research on Several Quantitative Characters in Early Stage Cucumber

利用4个黄瓜亲本,按4×4双列杂交法配制16个组合,测定早期产量、单瓜重、瓜条长度、瓜条直径、瓜把长度、果皮颜色6个数量性状。试验根据Hayman双列杂交法进行遗传分析。结果表明:单瓜重、瓜条长度、瓜条直径、瓜把长度、果皮颜色性状符合“加性-显性”效应模型,以加性效应为主,早期产量性状还受到上位性效应的作用,但以显性效应为主,存在超显性。除早期产量和瓜条直径外,其余各性状的广义遗传力和狭义遗传力都很高,表明受环境影响较小,可在早代进行选择;早期产量和瓜条直径的狭义遗传力较小,以非加性效应为主。

Four cucumber inbred lines made up combinations by diallel crossing. There were six characters： early stage yield, average fruit weight, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit stalk length and fruit skin color. Experiment data was accorded to the Hayman method to analyse. The results showed that except early stage yield ,other characters fit to the ＂additive-dominant＂ model, the additive effect was major, early stage yield was also influenced by epistasis effect, but was mainly controlled by dominant effect. It has super dominance. Except early yield and fruit diameter, the other characters had high broad heritability and narrow heritability, so the environment had little influence on them, which can be selected in early generation; Fruit diameter and early yield which had the lowest narrow heritability was mainly controlled by the non-additive effects.