农业节水灌溉经济效益的分析和计算

The analysis and calculation of the economic benefit on the agriculture saving water irrigation

干旱缺水是制约农业生产发展的主要因素之一,而农业节水灌溉就是用尽可能少的水投入,取得尽可能多农作物产品的一种农业高效用水模式;对农业节水灌溉经济效益的分析和计算从理论上进行了系统的阐述,供相关人员参考。新疆生产建设兵团各垦区是荒漠、半荒漠人工垦荒绿洲灌溉农业区,缺水问题尤显突出。要使垦区农业经济健康持续稳定的发展,必须发展节水农业,提高灌溉水的利用率,提高单方水的生产效率,节水扩灌,改善农业生产技术措施,提高粮、棉、果、牧的产量和品质;只有通过农业节水才能满足“生态维护用水”的需求,防止生态脆弱区生存环境的进一步恶化,降低各种自然灾害(大风、沙尘暴、浮尘等)发生的频率,减少农田沙化的进度。

Aridity and water shortage is one of the main factors to restrict agriculture development, and the agricuhure saving water irrigation is the mode of agriculture watering efficiently with the possibly little water to throw in and obtaining the possibly much more farm crop product; The article irrigates systematically the economic benefit on the agriculture saving water irrigation from theoretically for the related personnel to consult. Each cultivating unit of Xinjiang production developments corps is the hungriness or half- hungriness irrigating agriculture area and belong to artificial cultivating oasis, so the problem of being short of water is particularly outstanding. In order to make the agriculture economy keeping on the health, persistent and stable development in the cultivating units, the saving water agriculture must be developed and increase the water utilization to irrigate, increase water production efficiency in one side, save water and enlarge irrigation, improve the agricuhure production technique measure, and increase the yield and quality of the food, cotton, fruit, herding; Only through the agriculture saving water measures, we may satisfy the need of the ecosystem maintenance water and keep existing environment from further depravation in ecosystem weak area, and lower the occurrence frequency of every kind of nature disaster （ such as strong wind, sandstorm, float-dust etc.）, and reduce the progress degree of farmland sanding.