西方哲学“语言学转向”的哲学史意义

Linguistic Turn and its Significance in Philosophy History

20世纪初西方哲学的“语言学转向”和“语言分析方法”,是当代哲学研究的最新成果。整个20世纪西方哲学都得益于“语言学转向”。我们在肯定其积极作用的同时,还应看到其局限。理想语言毕竟出于虚构,缺乏生活根基,又具有高度形式化的特征,因而不容易被一般人认同,难以行之久远。“语言学转向”已成历史,但其影响仍在继续。西方哲学的“语言学转向”为我们从总体上把握西方哲学,在新的层次上实现东西方哲学对话与融合提供了富有意义的思路。

The ＂Linguistic Turn＂ and ＂Linguistics Analysis Method＂ from the early 20th century in Western philosophy are the newest accomplishments in the research of contemporary philosophy. ＂Linguistic Turn＂ has a profound lasting effect and meaning in the history of philosophy. It can be said that the whole 20th century western philosophy＇s success all attribute to the ＂Linguistic Turn＂. First, ＂Linguistic Turn＂ reflects a big awakening of philosophical self-consciousness as reflective theory. Second, ＂Linguistic Turn＂ explores a new possibility of philosophy. Third, it brings a new research method to philosophy. Fourth, it gives philosophy a new form of life. Fifth, it shakes the traditional Western view of linguistics essentially. Sixth, it directly leads to ＂Cultural Transformation＂ in the 20th century. ＂Linguistic Turn＂ shakes the Western culture tradition substantially.