美国国有企业发展及其近期私有化改革研究

Development and Recent Reform of USA's State-Owned Enterprises

市场经济发达的美国是世界上国有经济比重最小的国家之一,但是美国国有企业在国民经济中弥补市场失灵、减轻财政压力、提高经济效率等方面却发挥了重要的作用,其成立原因、运行模式、管理办法以及改革途径等,都具有发达市场经济国家所特有的独到之处和成功之处。美国的国有企业作为成熟市场经济中的公有经济成分,在企业运行模式、国家规制以及近期国有企业的私有化改革上,有很多问题值得我们思考和借鉴。

United States with developed market economy is one of these countries which have minimum proportional state-owned economy. However, American state-owned enterprises have played an important role in remedying market failure, releasing financial pressure, increasing economic efficiency, etc. in its economy. Their establishing reason, operation 15attern, management method, reform way, etc. all have the same characteristics and successful sources belonging to developed market economy merely. As the public economic composition in mature market economy, the American state-owned enterprises can indicate many questions worth our considering and learning in enterprises＇ operation pattern, national regulation as well as China＇ s recent reform of state-owned enterprises.