非煤矿山地下开挖工程安全等级评定方法研究

Safety Assessment Technique of Underground Excavation Engineering for Non-coal Mines

非煤矿山地下工程开挖中经常发生意外伤亡事故，对其安全性评价尚缺较好的方法。笔者借鉴类似行业的评价方法并结合多年地下工程安全经验。综合应用国内外岩体力学研究和测试的成果，建立了针对非煤矿山地下开挖工程的安全分级体系。以“火灾、爆炸危险指数评价法”（DOW法）和岩体工程分类法为建立模型的基础，根据影响地下开挖工程主要因素及其权重分析，导出了具有针对性的危险性的评价指数，并据此将工程分为Ⅰ～Ⅴ五个安全等级。以该方法对白银公司小铁山矿高分段胶结充填采矿法某试验采场的安全性进行分级，其结果和施工实际较为接近，说明分级方法有一定普适性。

Accidents frequently occurred in underground excavation engineering in non-coal mines. One of reasons was there had no reliable and perfect risk assessment method. Some risk assessment approaches in relevant fields were applied to establish the safety gradation for the underground excavation engineering in non-coal mines depending upon a great number of the achievements in rock mechanics and measuring techniques and the research experiences in this field. The assessment method of risk indexes of fire and explosion established by dOW Chemical Company and the gradation methods in rock engineering were used to investigate the system. The main relevant factors and their weight coefficients directly influencing the underground excavation engineering were given. Accordingly, a system with five ranks from I to V for evaluating varioas risk status of engineering was put forward. The system was applied to evaluate the ease of a stope with cut-and-filling at higher sub level as the mining method in Xiaotieshan Mine of Baiyin Nonferrous Metals Corporation. The results showed that the conclusion was close to the practice of the engineering showing the method would be feasible to be used in other similar eases.