论民主的三个层次

Three Levels of Democracy

民主可分为三个层次:本原民主、政府民主和社会民主。本原民主是指“一切权力来自人民”。政府民主是指要让人民在政府治理中发挥积极的作用。社会民主指的是非政府意义上的民主。中国的民主发展可以在不放弃本原民主的前提下,夯实政府民主,同时不断扩展社会民主的空间。

The article divides the conception ot democracy into three levels, Which are ultraist, governmental, and social democracy respectively. The ultraist one means ＂all power comes from the people＂, which can become a weapon for criticizing all kinds of government, but difficult to become true. Governmental democracy involves three forms-direct, representative, and participatory democracy, which indicate respectively the people dominate, control, and participate the governing process. Social democracy involves two kinds alternative or complementary democracy, which is to replace or complement governmental democracy. The author argues that the democratic development in contemporary China can follow the way of strengthening governmental democracy and expanding social democracy without abandoning ultraist democracy.