美国体操走强的若干因素分析

The Factors on Srteng thening The USA Gymnastics

通过查阅文献资料、访问调查、数理统计等方法,分析了美国参加世界体操大赛以来的实力表现及美国体操的具体运作情况,认为导致美国体操走强的因素主要包括两个方面:政府对体育的优惠政策、体育的商业化运作、体教结合的后备力量培养机制、以及发达的体育传媒,它们构成了美国体操优越的外在环境;体操的历史背景、体操协会的良性运作、教练员机制、运动员的选拔与培养机制、大众体操与竞技体操的有机结合、以及体操机制的不断改革和完善,它们成为促进美国体操走强的内部因素。

Through using the method of document, interview investigation and statistics, this paper analyzes the strength performance of American participates in world gymnastics game and the concrete operation situation of American gynmastics, the author thinks there are two aspects cause the American gynmastics developing formidably： The sports preferential policy of the government, the commercialization operation in sports, the combine of sports and education in the training mechanism of reserve forees, as well as the developed sports media, they constituted the American gymnastics superior external environment; Gymnastics historical background, gymnastics association＇s benign operation, the trainer mechanism, athlete＇s selecting and raise mechanism, the organic synthesis of populace gymnastics and the athletics gymnastics, as the consummation, they are promote the internal factor. well as the gymnastics mechanism unceasing reform and of American gymnastics＇ formidable.