我国植物空间诱变育种及其在草类植物育种中的应用

Spaceflight mutation breeding of China and its application in grass

在介绍空间诱变育种定义的基础上,对其优缺点和研究方法进行了阐述。阐明了植物体在空间飞行过程中,经强辐射、微重力及多因素复合作用下,形态学、物候期、细胞学、生理生化和基因方面发生的变化;回顾了我国空间诱变育种在粮食和经济作物、园艺作物所取得的成就;并介绍了我国草类植物空间诱变育种研究进展及发展前景。

This report introduces a definition of spaceflight mutation breeding, including a summary of the characters and methods of spaceflight mutation breeding. Further, applications for the space mutation technique to breed new Chinese crop and horticultural plant varieties are reviewed. When plants travel in the space shuttle the morphology,phenophase, cytology, physiology-biochemistry and the genes of the plant will change due to the strong radiation,microgravity and multiple effects. Finally this paper discusses the advancement and prospects of grass breeding by spaceflight mutation in China.